Explore cases in kidney, liver, and heart where the pathology indicated rejection, but where another diagnosis was ultimately identified.

Kidney:
Naima Carter-Monroe, MD, MHS • Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Lorraine Racusen, MD, FASN • Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Heart:
E. Rene Rodriguez, MD • Cardiovascular Pathology, The Cleveland Clinic

Liver:
Nitika Gupta, MD, DCH, DNB, MRCPCH • Emory University School of Medicine
Murli Krishna, MD • Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville

Learning objectives:

• To define translational research
• To be able to explain 3 strengths and weaknesses of team science in transplantation
• To elucidate the requirements for performing laboratory studies using human samples obtained from clinical trials in so as to be able to make interpretable conclusions
• To be able to communicate a testable hypothesis relevant for clinical/translational research in transplantation

Learning objectives:

1. Explain donor characteristics that raise concern for increased risk of recent HIV, hepatitis B and/or hepatitis C infection
2. Explain how to approach donors with death from encephalitis of unknown etiology
3. Discuss clues to raise concern for other transmissible infections in donors and how to manage the recipient postoperatively when the organs are accepted
4. Discuss the risk-benefit of accepting vs discarding organs for certain donor-recipient scenarios
5. Explain how to manage recipients of organs from donors with bacteremia or other bacterial infections.